Use of Modeling and Process Analytical Technologies in the Design of a Catalytic Amination Reaction: Understanding Oxygen Sensitivity at the Lab and Manufacturing Scales was written by Merritt, Jeremy M.;Buser, Jonas Y.;Campbell, Alison N.;Fennell, Jared W.;Kallman, Neil J.;Koenig, Thomas M.;Moursy, Hossam;Pietz, Mark A.;Scully, Norma;Singh, Utpal K.. And the article was included in Organic Process Research & Development in 2014.Application In Synthesis of 1-(tert-Butyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine This article mentions the following:
A mechanistic approach was undertaken to understand the oxygen sensitivity of a Pd-catalyzed amination reaction used in the synthesis of an active pharmaceutical ingredient. FlowNMR and dissolved oxygen probes were used as process anal. technol. alongside kinetic and unit operation models to better characterize the oxidative deactivation pathways of the catalyst. Interplay between ligand excess, oxygen inertion, and addnl. degassing due to reflux were all found to contribute to reaction rate variability. This mechanistic approach allowed for appreciation and clear communication of the risks, development of protocols to mitigate those risks, and successful scale-up under rapid development timelines. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(tert-Butyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (cas: 141459-53-2Application In Synthesis of 1-(tert-Butyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine).
1-(tert-Butyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (cas: 141459-53-2) belongs to pyrazole derivatives. The strategies for the synthesis of pyrazoles generally can be applied for the construction of indazoles. Pyrazole the presence of this nucleus in pharmacological agents of diverse therapeutic categories such as celecoxib, a potent anti-inflammatory, the antidepressant agent fezolamide have proved the pharmacological potential of the pyrazole moiety. Application In Synthesis of 1-(tert-Butyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine
Referemce:
Pyrazole – Wikipedia,
Pyrazoles – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics